DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES

CHAIR: ANDREW A. DEWEES

FACULTY: Bagdonas, DeShaw, DeVore, Foerster, Graham, Hall, Hilliard, Hoage, Hudson, Kurtz, Long, Meade,, Phillips,, Thies, Turner, Warnock, E. Wilson

The Department of Biological Sciences offers curricula leading to majors in Biology and Environmental Science.

Biology Program

The objectives of the Biology Program are: (1) to present to the general university student the methods of science and the fundamental principles of biology; (2) to provide students broad foundation training in biology in preparation for professional careers in teaching, medicine, dentistry (and other health professions), biotechnology, industry, government and research; and (3) to provide training in specialized fields as service to programs in Agriculture, Psychology, Health, Home Economics, Kinesiology, and others.

The Biology major may choose from among two degree programs: Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Science.

Curricula: Major In Biology

BACHELOR OF ARTS
First YearCreditSecond YearCredit
BIO 135/115, 136/1168BIO 345, BIO (Restricted Elective*-one course)6-7
ENG 164, 1656 ENG 265, 275, or 2953
FL (one field)8 CHM 138/ 118, 139/1198
KIN 215 or accepted substitute1PHL3
KIN activity or accepted substitute1-3FL (one field)6
MTH 170 and MTH 379 or BIO 4746
HIS 163, 1646
Total32-3430-31

Third YearCreditFourth YearCredit
BIO (Restricted Electives*-4 courses)12-16BIO advanced electives (2 courses)6-8
ART, DNC, MUS, THR, or PHL 3666BIO 410, 4112
Minor9Minor9
POL 261, POL elective6ENG (200 level or higher) or SCM3
Criterion VI9
Electives4
Total33-3733-35

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BACHELOR OF SCIENCE
First YearCreditSecond YearCredit
BIO 135/115, 136/1168BIO 345, BIO (Restricted Elective*-1 course) 7-8
ENG 164, 1656 ENG 265, 275, or 2953
HIS 163, 1646ENG 3303
CHM 138/118, 139/1198MTH 172, 1736
KIN 215 or accepted substitute1Criterion VI6
KIN activity or accepted substitute1-3CHM 248, 2498
Total 30-3233-34

Third YearCreditFourth YearCredit
BIO (Restricted Electives*-4 courses)12-16BIO (advanced electives-3 courses)9-12
POL 261, POL6BIO 410, 4112
PHY 138/118, 139/1198ART, DNC, MUS, or THR3
Minor**6Minor and electives16
Criterion VI3
Total32-3633-36
**Recommended minor is CHM, ESC, GEL, MTH, or PHY.

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*RESTRICTED ELECTIVE BLOCKS (BIO)

Physiology
BIO 341 HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
BIO 344 GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY
BIO 362 PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
Ecology
BIO 340 GENERAL ECOLOGY
BIO 433 AQUATIC BIOLOGY
BIO 470 ANIMAL BEHAVIOR
Taxonomy
BIO 364 INTRODUCTORY PLANT TAXONOMY
BIO 430 VERTEBRATE BIOLOGY
BIO 431 GENERAL ENTOMOLOGY
BIO 446 PARASITOLOGY
BIO 471 INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY
Morphology/Anatomy
BIO 342 COMPARATIVE VERTEBRATE ANATOMY
BIO 348 VERTEBRATE EMBRYOLOGY
BIO 349 HISTOLOGY
BIO 392 PLANT MORPHOLOGY
BIO 493 ENDOCRINOLOGY
Cell Biology
BIO 347 GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY
BIO 435 IMMUNOLOGY
BIO 449 CYTOLOGY
BIO 461 ELECTRON MICROSCOPY TECHNIQUES
BIO 480 INTRODUCTION TO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
BIO 481 BIORADIATION

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CHOICE OF RESTRICTED ELECTIVES IN BIOLOGY

Students majoring in Biology are required to take at least one course in each of the five restricted elective blocks described above. Students may select courses in General Biology, Botany, Zoology or Cell/Molecular Biology within the framework of the restricted elective blocks upon counsel with their faculty advisor.

In addition to selecting their five restricted elective courses, biology majors are free to choose the remaining 2-3 advanced electives from among any of the five restricted elective blocks. BIO 474 Biostatistics may also be taken as an advanced BIO elective.

Preprofessional Biology Majors

Biology majors following the preprofessional curricula of premedicine, predentistry, prephysical therapy, and preveterinary medicine should take the following restrictive elective Biology courses: BIO 342, 344, 347, and 349. General electives recommended for preprofessional students are BIO 348, 435, 446, 449, 474, and 480.

Biotechnology Biology Majors

To satisfy B.S. degree requirements, Biology majors desiring to prepare for biotechnology careers should take the following advanced Biology courses: BIO 344, 345, 347, 349, 410, 411, 435, 449, 480, 481, and BIO 474 or MTH 379. These students also should take a minor in chemistry, including CHM 438 and 440. Internships (BIO 494) in biotechnology are available to qualified students. For further details about biotechnology, see the department chair.

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TEACHER CERTIFICATION IN BIOLOGY AND IN LIFE/EARTH SCIENCE

Biology Majors
Students working toward Secondary (Grades 6-12) Teacher Certification with a major in Biology under the BA or BS degree must include the following courses in their degree program.
1. BIO 341, 392 and 340 as part of the restricted elective course requirements in Biology.
2. SED 383, 392, 394, 464, 480, 496, and 497.
3. SCM 161 or 384 (plus 12 hours ENG).
4. SED 374 (in Criterion VI elective block).
5. CS 3-4 hours.
6. An approved 24-hour minor to serve as a second teaching field. In place of the minor, a Biology major may obtain the science composite teaching certificate by completing the following additional science courses: CHM 138/118, 139/119; GEL 133/113, 134/114; PHY 138/118,Œ139/119; and GEO 141 or PHY 397/317.

Biology and Life/Earth Science Minors

Biology minors seeking secondary teacher certification in biology are required to take CHM 138/118, 139/119, BIO 135/115, 136/116, 341, 345, 392, 340 plus one course selected from the taxonomy or cell biology block.

Students seeking a major in elementary education with certification in the life/earth science teaching field are required to take BIO 135/115, 136/116, 341, GEL 133/113, 330, GEO 141, and PHY 397/317 plus 6 hours BIO or GEL selected from BIO 340, 345, GEL 360, 431, 432 or 437.

For elementary certification in Biology, students are required to take BIO 135/115, 136/116, 341, 392, 340, plus two courses, each selected from a different restricted elective block with BIO 345 as one of the options.

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BIOLOGY MINOR

Students seeking a minor in biology are required to take CHM 138/118, 139/119, BIO 135/115, 136/116, 345, plus four courses, each selected from a different biology restricted elective block.

Those students seeking a secondary teaching certificate along with their biology minor should include BIO 341, 392, 340 among their four restricted electives for a total of 24 semester hours of biology.

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BIOLOGY COURSE DESCRIPTIONS

BIO 134 CONTEMPORARY BIOLOGY.

Presentation for the non-science major of biological concepts and topical subjects related to science methods, embryological development, reproduction, genetics, evolution, human organ systems, disease, and environmental biology. Ethical considerations of reproduction and birth control, genetic engineering, environmental pollution and population control will be included. Credit in BIO 134 as a laboratory science is contingent upon completion of BIO 114. Credit in this course cannot be applied to either a major or minor in the sciences. Fall, Spring, Summer. Credit 3.

BIO 114 CONTEMPORARY BIOLOGY LABORATORY.

Fall, Spring, Summer. Credit 1.

BIO 135 INTRODUCTORY BIOLOGY I. [BIOL 1309]

An organismic approach to biology is presented in the context of the scientific method. Basic principles of organismic diversity and structural and functional features of major animal and plant groups are presented. General principles of ecology are introduced. Students may begin sequence with either BIO 135 or 136.
Credit for BIO 135 as a laboratory science is contingent on completion of BIO 115. No prerequisite. Fall, Spring, Summer. Credit 3.

BIO 115 INTRODUCTORY BIOLOGY LABORATORY I. [BIOL 1109]

Fall, Spring,Summer. Credit 1.

BIO 136 INTRODUCTORY BIOLOGY II. [BIOL 1308]

A general cellular approach to the principles of biology is presented and includes scientific methods, origins of life, chemistry of life, cell structure, metabolism, genetics, evolution and reproduction. Students may begin sequence with either BIO 136 or 135. Credit for BIO 136 as a laboratory science is contingent on completion of BIO 116. No prerequisite. Fall, Spring, Summer. Credit 3.

BIO 116 INTRODUCTORY BIOLOGY LABORATORY II. [BIOL 1108]

Fall, Spring, Summer. Credit 1.

BIO 147 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE.(Also listed as ESC 147).

A general course designed to cover all areas relating to contemporary ecological problems. Topics include air, water, and soil pollution; radiation, limnology, climate, pesticides, wastes, and land conservation. Two-hour laboratory. Fall, Spring. Credit 4.

BIO 245 HUMAN ANATOMY. [BIOL 2401]

This course deals with structure and form of the human body. It includes studies of the cell, tissues, and organ systems. Registration is primarily for students in pre-nursing or majoring in kineseology or health. Credit in this course cannot be applied to either a major or minor in Biology. Two-hour laboratory. Fall, Spring. Credit 4.

BIO 246 HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY. [BIOL 2402]

This course consists of a study of the cause and effect relationship of body functions and disorders. Clinical techniques are emphasized in the laboratory. Credit in this course cannot be applied to a major or minor in Biology. Prerequisite: BIO 245. Two-hour laboratory. Fall, Spring. Credit 4.

BIO 247 INTRODUCTORY APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY. [BIOL 2420]

An introduction to microorganisms, their morphology, growth requirements, methods of culture, and the manner in which they affect health. Reactions of the body toward pathogenic organisms and the principles of immunity and chemotheraphy are considered. Credit in this course cannot be applied to a major or minor in Biology. Two-hour laboratory. Writing enhanced. Spring. Credit 4.

BIO 336 FISH, WILDLIFE, RECREATION MANAGEMENT.

A broad-spectrum approach to the proper utilization of fish, wildlife, and recreational resources as they apply to landowners and other users. Special emphasis will be placed on the economic aspects of wildlife management and recreation. Other topics to be covered include: identification of animals, geographical distribution, habitat evaluation, census methods, population analysis, life histories, and propagation of selected animal species. Credit in this course cannot be applied to a major or minor in Biology. Lab and field work. Prerequisite: BIO 135. Fall, Spring. Credit 3.

*BIO 340 GENERAL ECOLOGY.

A study of physical and biotic components of the environment, responses of organisms to their environment, community ecology, natural ecosystems, and human's interaction with ecosystems. Field studies will be an integral part of the laboratory. Three-hour laboratory and field work. Prerequisite: BIO 135, 136. Fall. Credit 4.

BIO 341 HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY.

This course deals with the study of structure and function of the human body. The structure of various organ systems are discussed and their function as organs and systems described. This course is not recommended for preprofessional students. Prerequisite: BIO 135, 136. Two-hour laboratory. Fall, Spring, Summer. Credit 4.

BIO 342 COMPARATIVE VERTEBRATE ANATOMY.

Study of representative vertebrates, their anatomy ontogeny and phylogeny. The course is required of pre-medical students. Prerequisites: BIO 135,136. Two-hour laboratory. Fall. Credit 4.

BIO 344 GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY.

The study of the primary mechanisms by which autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms function. Important fundamental aspects of cellular, regulatory, and systemic physiology are presented emphasizing the functional aspect of living systems at the cellular and molecular levels. Students are expected to develop an integrated understanding of the areas presented and recognize the interdependence of these mechanisms in the maintenance of homeostasis. Prerequisites: BIO 135, 136 and 8 hours Chemistry. Three-hour laboratory. Writing enhanced. Spring. Credit 4.

BIO 345 INTRODUCTORY GENETICS.

Study is made of the physical bases of inheritance and principles of heredity and variation. Topics include Mendelian genetics, cytogenetics, molecular basis of genetics, gene expression and regulation, DNA technologies and population genetics. Prerequisites: BIO 135, 136, 138/118, 139/119. Two-hour laboratory. Writing enhanced. Fall, Spring, Summer. Credit 4.

BIO 347 GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY.

An introduction to microorganisms including bacteria, viruses and fungi. Major areas considered are morphology, physiology, genetics, and pathology. Microorganisms are studied in relation to soil, water, food, industrial processes, and disease. Prerequisites: BIO 135, 136, and eight hours of chemistry. Two-hour laboratory. Writing enhanced. Fall, Summer. Credit 4.

BIO 348 VERTEBRATE EMBRYOLOGY.

This is a study of the early development of representative vertebrates from fertilization until differentiation of organs has been completed. Prerequisites: BIO 135, 136. Two-hour laboratory. Writing enhanced. Even year Fall. Credit 4.

BIO 349 HISTOLOGY.

A study of animal tissues with emphasis on human materials. Identification and preparatory techniques are stressed. Prerequisites: BIO 135, 136, CHM 138/118, 139/119. Three-hour laboratory. Writing enhanced. Fall. Credit 4.

BIO 362 PLANT PHYSIOLOGY.

General course dealing with principal life processes of plants. Topics include photosynthesis, respiration, nutrition, f lowering, dormancy, hormones, growth, and development. Prerequisites: BIO 135/115, BIO 136/116, CHM 138/118, 139/119. Three-hour laboratory. Writing enhanced. Even year Fall. Credit 3.

BIO 364 INTRODUCTORY PLANT TAXONOMY.

A study of the characteristics and classification of plants emphasizing systematic techniques. Focus on identification of the more common plant families allows transfer of knowledge to other regions of the country and world. Prerequisite: BIO 135, 136. Two-hour laboratory. Odd year Spring. Writing enhanced. Credit 3.

BIO 392 PLANT MORPHOLOGY.

Survey of the plant kingdom with emphasis on morphogenesis, comparative structure and life cycles of representative plant forms. Prerequisites: BIO 135, 136. Three-hour laboratory. Fall, Summer. Credit 3.

BIO 410:411 UNDERGRADUATE SEMINAR.

Discussions of current literature in the biological sciences. Required of senior Biology majors. Prerequisite: Senior standing. Fall, Spring. Credit 1 each.

BIO 430 VERTEBRATE BIOLOGY.

This course deals with the taxonomy, natural history and ecology of vertebrates. Laboratories emphasize the identification of Texas Vertebrates and field techniques used in their study. Prerequisite: BIO 135, 136. Two-hour laboratory. Spring. Credit 3.

BIO 431 GENERAL ENTOMOLOGY.

A study is made of insect morphology, taxonomy, development, and life histories. Collection and identification by use of keys are stressed. Prerequisite: BIO 135, 136. pine Two-hour laboratory. Odd year Spring. Credit 3.

BIO 433 AQUATIC BIOLOGY.

Physical, chemical, and biological features of inland waters; organisms of freshwaters; factors in biological productivity; methods and equipment. Largely a field course dealing with various approved methods of studying freshwater systems. This course is designed to meet the needs of chemists, teachers of science, biologists, and environmental scientists. Prerequisites: 11 hrs. BIO, 8 hrs. CHM, and junior or senior standing. Two-hour laboratory. Odd year Spring. Credit 3.

Œ

BIO 435 IMMUNOLOGY.

Humoral and cell mediated immunobiology, genetics, and chemistry are considered along with immunoanalyses and pathologies. Prerequisites: Genetics and biochemistry. Two-hour seminar. Spring. Credit 3.

BIO 446 PARASITOLOGY.

Morphology, life cycles, physiological adaptations, evolution and distribution of parasitic animals. Prerequisites: BIO 135, 136 plus advanced standing. Two-hour laboratory. Odd year Fall. Credit 4.

BIO 449 CYTOLOGY.

A physical and chemical study of cells, their ultrastructure and nuclei. Studies of metabolism, growth, differentiation and reproduction are included with special emphasis on mitosis and meiosis. Prerequisites: BIO 135, 136, CHM 138/118, 139/119, plus advanced standing. Three-hour laboratory. Writing Enhanced. Even year Spring. Credit 4.

BIO 461 ELECTRON MICROSCOPY TECHNIQUES.

This course is designed to prepare the student in methods of fixation, embedding, sectioning, staining, and photography as they apply to electron microscopy and to ultrastructure studies. Prerequisites: BIO 135, 136; CHM 138/118, 139/119; plus advanced standing. Two-hour laboratory. Writing Enhanced. Odd year Spring. Credit 3.

BIO 470 ANIMAL BEHAVIOR.

A study of behavioral adaptations of animals to their environments. Introduction to the objective analysis of behavioral patterns in clarifying evolutionary relationships and studies of current concepts and theories in ethology are considered. Prerequisites: BIO 135, 136. ŒTwo-hour laboratory. Even year Spring. Credit 3.

BIO 471 INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY.

This course will explore the diversity of invertebrate types morphologically, embryologically and physiologically. The ecological role of invertebrates will be emphasized. Prerequisite: BIO 135, 136. Two-hour laboratory. Even year Fall. Credit 3.

BIO 474 BIOSTATISTICS.

This course includes an introduction to statistical methods and their application to real biological problems. Topics include descriptive statistics, probability distributions, estimation, hypothesis testing, correlation and regression, and analysis of variance. Use of the computer in statistical analyses will also be stressed. Prerequisites: MTH 170 and 8 hours of Biology. Fall. Credit 3.

BIO 480 INTRODUCTION TO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY.

The course emphasizes the structural and functional characteristics of proteins, RNA and DNA, and their individual and collective contributions to life. The course provides the conceptual and experimental framework for genetic engineering and the new Biotechnology. Models from procaryotic and eucaryotic organisms as well as viruses and plasmids are used. The laboratory will include methods of gene cloning and electrophoretic analyses of proteins, RNA and DNA. Prerequisites: BIO 135, 136, 345, 347; Organic Chemistry. Three-hour laboratory. Writing Enhanced. Spring. Credit 3.

BIO 481 BIORADIATION.

This course presents fundamental radiological principles and techniques for the use of free radionuclides as a tool in biological assays and tracer investigations. The course will emphasize safety and legal considerations of radiological studies. Prerequisites: BIO 135/115, 136/116, CHM 241, PHY 138https://www.shsu.edu/catalog/96-98/artsci/physics.html#phy118">/118, 139/119 and consent of the instructor.Three-hour laboratory. Writing enhanced. Even year Fall. Credit 3.

BIO 493 ENDOCRINOLOGY.

This course is designed to familiarize the student with the structure, development, comparative anatomy, and physiology of the endocrine system. Particular emphasis will be given to the endocrine control of reproductive processes. Prerequisites: BIO 135, 136; CHM 138/118, 139/119. Two-hour laboratory. Writing enhanced. Odd year Fall. Credit 3.

BIO 494 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES INTERNSHIP.

A supervised, off-campus intern work experience in an approved area of the biological sciences with business, industry or government. This elective course provides the student with direct professional work experience in such areas as biotechnology, biomedical research, ecological assessment, wildlife biology, and science/nature education. Academic credit is based on a written technical report and an oral presentation. Prerequisites: Biology major, six hours of advanced biology, junior standing, 3.0 GPA and approval of department chair. Writing enhanced. Credit 3.

BIO 495 SPECIAL TOPICS IN BIOLOGY.

This course is designed to allow independent study by selected advanced students in specific areas of biology not covered by organized undergraduate courses. Instruction is on individual basis with the student being supervised in his studies by an appropriate faculty member. Prerequisite: senior standing in Biology. This course may be taken for Academic Distinction credit. See Academic Distinction Program in this Catalogue. Credit 1, 2, or 3.

*Subject to action by the Board of Regents, The Texas State University System, and the Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board.

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Environmental Science Program

The Environmental Science Program provides the student with concepts, methods, and practicalŒlaboratory and field experience in environmental pollution assessment and pollution control technology. The program is designed to meet the growing demand for environmental scientists in government, industry, and consulting due to a growing body of environmental legislation. The curriculum is interdisciplinary in nature with emphasis in the basic sciences.

An academic minor field is not required under this curriculum. Core courses in the program stress technical and regulatory aspects of environmental quality. Opportunities are available for specialization in ecology, chemistry, geology, or geography.

Students gain practical experience in the field through either an independent research project or the internship program. The internship involves real-world work experience in an area of Environmental Science with government, industry, or a consulting firm. Academic credit is based on a written technical report and an oral presentation.

A minor in Environmental Science is available. Students in the minor are required to take ESC 147, 330, 343, 430, 440; CHM 138/118, 139/119, and CHM 241.

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Curriculum: Major In Environmental Science
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE

First Year Credit Second Year Credit
ESC 147 4 ENG 265, 275, or 295 3
ENG 164, 165 6 ENG 330 3
CHM 138/118, 139/119 8 CHM 241 4
BIO 135/115, 136/116 8 GEL 133/113 4
HIS 163, 164 6 BIO 247 or 347 4
KIN 215 or accepted substitute 1 PHY 138/118, 139/119 or 141, 142 8
KIN activity or accepted substitute 1-3 MTH 172, 173 6
34-36 32

Third Year Credit Fourth Year Credit
ESC 330, 430 6 ESC 343, 440, and 495 or 461 11
CHM 248, 249 8 ESC 410, 411 2
POL 261, POL 6 BIO 433 or 463 or 465 3
ART, DNC, MUS, or THR 3 CHM 440 4
BIO 474, MTH 274, or MTH 379 3 Criterion VI 3
ECO 234 3 Restricted Electives* 12
Criterion VI 3
32 35
* Restricted Electives (12 hours - No more than two courses may be taken from a single department.): AGR 344; CS 162 or 164 BIO 364, 430, 431, (433, 463, or 465) CHM 358, 433 GEO 362, 433, 442 GEL 330, 360, 440; ESC 331, 332, 333

Under normal circumstances ESC majors having a minor field and/or a second major field must choose their restricted electives courses from departments outside of these fields.

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ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE COURSE DESCRIPTIONS

ESC 147 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE.(Also listed as BIO 147).

A general course designed to cover all areas relating to contemporary ecological problems. Topics include air, water, and soil pollution; radiation; limnology; climate; pesticides; wastes; land conservation. Two-hour laboratory. Fall, Spring. Credit 4.

ESC 330 LEGAL ASPECTS OF POLLUTION CONTROL.

A study comparing various state and federal laws with particular emphasis on the State of Texas statutes will be conducted. Nature of evidence for prosecution under these laws will be considered. Prerequisites: ESC 147, CHM 241, and junior standing. Fall. Credit 3.

ESC 331 ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION.

A study of topics relating to public health and sanitation. The causative agents of human diseases of public health importance are characterized, and present knowledge of prevention and control of these diseases is reviewed. Prerequisites: BIO 135/115, 136/116, 247 OR 347, and eight hours of chemistry. Two-hour laboratory. Even year Fall. Credit 3.

ESC 332 SOLID WASTES AND RECYCLING.

A study of solid wastes and recycling pertaining to sources, storage, processing, economics, and legal issues involved. Physical and chemical components of wastes and waste processing and their environmental effects will be stressed. Prerequisites: BIO 247 or 347, ESC 330, GEL 133https://www.shsu.edu/catalog/96-98/artsci/geo.html#gel113">/113, and CHM 241. Odd year. Spring. Credit 3.

ESC 333 INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE.

A study of industrial hygiene and occupatioal health and safety. This course will present the basics of industial hygiene and work place monitoring. Emphasis will be on fundamentals of work place hazard recognition, techniques of evaluation, and methods of control. Prerequisites: BIO 135, 136; CHM 241; PHY 138/118, 139/119. Even year. Spring. Credit 3.

ESC 343 WATER SUPPLY AND WASTE WATER DISPOSAL.

Water supply, development,Œtreatment and distribution; waste water collection and treatment; water purification and reuse; and the chemistry and ecology of aquatic systems are studied. Prerequisites: ESC 147, CHM 241, and junior standing. Two-hour laboratory. Fall. Credit 4.

ESC 410:411 UNDERGRADUATE SEMINAR.

Student discussions of current scientific literature in environmental science. Required of environmental science majors. Prerequisite: Senior standing. Fall, Spring. Credit 1 each.

ESC 430 HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT.

This course deals with the technical and regulatory aspects of handling and disposing of toxic and hazardous wastes based on recently mandated legislation procedures. This course will educate current students in an area that is of major national concern and will update persons already working in the field of environmental science. Prerequisites: CHM 241, ESC 147, GEL 133/113, and junior standing. Spring. Credit 3.

ESC 440 AIR QUALITY.

An in-depth study of the sources of air pollution is made. Sampling procedures and the chemical analysis required for identification of pollutants are studied. Control methods for the restriction of air pollution are outlined. Prerequisites: CHM 241, ESC 147, and junior standing. Two-hour laboratory. Spring. Credit 4.

ESC 461 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE FIELD EXPERIENCE.

A supervised off-campus intern work experience in an approved area of Environmental Science with industry, business, or government. This course provides the student with direct professional work experience with industry or governmental entity. Academic credit is based on a written technical report and an oral presentation. Prerequisite: 6 hours of advanced Environmental Science and approval of instructor.ŒSummer. Credit 3.

ESC 495 SPECIAL TOPICS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE.

Individual study in specialized areas of Environment Science. To be directed and approved by the Environmental Science advisor. Credit 1, 2, or 3.

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